Respiratory disorders include a range of conditions that affect the lungs and other parts of the respiratory system. These conditions can impact breathing and overall health. Here are key points about common respiratory disorders, their symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options:
Common Respiratory Disorders
Asthma:
Symptoms: Wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, especially at night or early in the morning.
Diagnosis: Pulmonary function tests (spirometry), peak flow measurement, chest X-ray, and allergy testing.
Treatment: Inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators, leukotriene modifiers, and avoiding triggers.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Symptoms: Persistent cough, mucus production, shortness of breath, and frequent respiratory infections.
Diagnosis: Spirometry, chest X-ray, CT scan, arterial blood gas analysis.
Treatment: Bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and smoking cessation.
Pneumonia:
Symptoms: Fever, chills, cough with phlegm, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue.
Diagnosis: Chest X-ray, sputum test, blood tests, and pulse oximetry.
Treatment: Antibiotics (for bacterial pneumonia), antiviral medications (for viral pneumonia), rest, fluids, and hospitalization for severe cases.