Orthopedic disorders encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. These disorders can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. Here are key points about common orthopedic disorders, their symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options:
Common Orthopedic Disorders
Osteoarthritis:
Symptoms: Joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion.
Diagnosis: Physical examination, X-rays, MRI, and joint fluid analysis.
Treatment: Pain relievers, anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and joint replacement surgery in severe cases.
Rheumatoid Arthritis:
Symptoms: Joint pain, swelling, stiffness (especially in the morning), fatigue, and fever.
Diagnosis: Blood tests for rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, X-rays, and MRI.
Treatment: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics, pain relievers, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.
Osteoporosis:
Symptoms: Often asymptomatic until a fracture occurs; fractures can cause pain, reduced mobility, and height loss.
Diagnosis: Bone density scan (DEXA), blood tests, and physical examination.
Treatment: Calcium and vitamin D supplements, bisphosphonates, hormone therapy, lifestyle changes (weight-bearing exercises), and fall prevention strategies.